Monday, May 04, 2015
Lithuania's Connection to Khazaria Through Naming Process
Nadene Goldfoot
Our paternal grandparents, Nathan (Hebrew is Natan) Abraham Goldfus/foot b: 1870 in Telsiai, Lithuania and his wife, Hattie "Zlota" Jermulowski/e b: 1875 in Lazdijai, Lithuania had immigrated to the USA and met in Council, Idaho, a little mining mountain town which is now a stop on the way to a lake resort of McCall, Idaho. There, Hattie's sisters and their husbands lived in their first years in the Golden Medina.
Nathan's Y DNA haplogroup is Q1b1 which is found to be in 5% of the Jewish people. . Where did we pick up this male line that is fairly rare?
Pesakh and Pesah were used by Khazarian Jews in the 10th century. It was also a title in the Khazar Khaganate. "The term Baliqchi means "Fisherman." In the Schechter Letter, the Khazar warlord, Pesakh (who was active along the Strait of Kerch) is described with this title. He was an earlier figure in Khazar history,"
The name Pesach or Pesakh was generally only used by Jews in eastern Germany which was the area east of the Elbe River and Eastern Europe as well as with the Karaites and Persian Jews, but not by Sephardic Jews.
The Yiddish form of Peysakh was being used by Jews in Silesia, Poland in the mid-14th century and also in medieval Germany.
The Hebrew word for Passover is the western Ashkenazic form, Peysakh. Pesakh. was used as a first name. During the 15th and 16th centuries, some Jews in Brest, France; Grodno, Belarus; and Pinsk, Belarus used the name, Pesakh.
From the late 15th century onward, Peysakh was found among Jews in Ukraine and Belarus. Peysakh then was chosen as an Ashkenazic surname-Peysakhowitz.
Pesach and the surname of Pesachowitz were used among some Polish Jews into the 19th and 20th centuries.
Nathan is not listed in my Russian -Jewish Given names book by Boris Feldblyum but the Hebrew is listed as Natan, typical from the SW Russian Empire of Volhyn and Podolia Provinces. Neither is Abraham, but in the back of my book, Abram=Avram is listed and it's also on page 34 as Abram of SW Russian Empire Volhyn and Podolia Provinces.
He even named his 3rd child Abraham. Nathan was a family name handed down with its origins not being in Russia. Nathan was tall with brown hair that had red highlights. Zlota had to stand on a chair for him to kiss her. Neither had much of a choice for a spouse, as they were the only 2 Jewish singles in Council and didn't want to wait for any better prospects, I suppose. They were both Litvaks, and that was enough. Besides that, she could cook.
Jews entered Lithuania about in 1321. In 1398, a community -mostly Karaites-existed at Troki.
In 1495, Jews were living in Vilna, Grodno and Kovno totally 10,000. From 1495 (3 years after Spain's expelling Jews not converting) to 1502 they were excluded from Lithuania.
They received a charter in 1529 guaranteeing freedom of movement and employment. Soon they monopolized foreign trade and tax-farming. Yes, that is what my encyclopedia said, whatever tax-farming is.
From 1566 to 1572 the Jews were forced to wear the Jewish badge newly introduced and in legal matters, they were disqualified from giving evidence in court.
Telsai, where my grandfather was from, was one of the oldest towns in Lithuania situated in the NW on the shores of Lake Mastis, mentioned by Crusaders in 1320. They had a Swedish invasion in 1710, which surprises me as the Q haplotype is found among Swedes, also. 2/3 of the population perished from epidemics at that time. Did the Swedes bring them on?
Poland at one time was the largest country in Europe, and included today's Polish borders and Galicia, Lithuania, White Russia and the Ukraine. Their hereditary monarchy came to an end in 1572 and the next 200 years to 1772 had a system of elective monarchy. In 1772 the country was carved up and given out to Germany, Austria and Russia. By 1795, Poland had disappeared from the map altogether. it didn't reappear until 1918.
A chain of Jewish migrations leading from Khazaria went to the Lithuanian Grand Duchy. This Grand Duchy started in the 13th Century and went on till 1795. It got its name from a Baltic tribe. Our surname is German, though, and was originally Goldfus. In fact, it was a German and Austrian Gentile name, too. There are Goldfoot of a different haplogroup, not Jewish. It is, however, not a common name for Jews or Gentiles.
This shows our male line got to Lithuania through the normal highway from Jerusalem in 70 CE from the Romans burning it down and taking over through Rome, France, and then to Germany. When they were not accepted there, they moved on to Eastern Europe, and to Lithuania.
In Austria The Emperor Joseph made Jews take on last names in the late 1700s. Poland in 1821 and Russia in 1844. Probably some of our families have only had last names for 175 years or less. In France and the Anglo Saxon countries surnames went back to the 16th century.
"German Jews had no official surnames prior to the introduction of Judenregelment in 1797" "In most of Germany, Jews didn't have surnames until 1812 or later. Many names they took were based on the profession of the person.
In 1764-66 there were 621,000 Jews in Poland and Lithuania according to the Polish census
Until 1795, Telz, as it is also called, was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Kingdom, when the 3rd division of Poland by the 3 superpowers then; Russia, Prussia and Austria-caused Lithuania to become partly Russian and partly Prussian. I believe this is what happened to my grandmother Zlota's Lazdijai. Telz fell under Russian rule, 1st from 1802 as part of the Vilna Province (Gubernia) as a district administrative center and then from 1843 as part of the Kovno Province.
1812 and Napoleon's retreating army passed through Telz, leaving behind desolation and a big gun, now seen in the town park. There were the Polish rebellions of 1831 and 1863. They caused damage.
My grandmother's name, Zlata, is a Russian Jewish name from the Baltic Provinces such as Estland, Courland and Lyfland. It came from Bet shmu'el. She was very short, about 4' 8" at her tallest, and was only 4'6" when she was a grandmother and had had her legs broken on top of that in a pogrom. She had black curly hair, and I thought skin of normal color, not dark or suntanned. Zlata's MT dna haplogroup was W for Wilma. "W (Wilma) is a small group that appears in the western Ural Mountains, the natural border between Europe and Asia and the eastern Baltic area, and is also found in India. Actually, 14 types are found in Ashkenazie Jews that were found by Behar, main researcher in dna of the Jewish people. My grandmother was W 16145A, 16223T, 16265G, 16519C. Jewish W made up 3.1% in a test in Poland and 2.7% in Russia and the Ukraine. http://www.thecid.com/where.htm
Her W mt DNA appears in the Ural mountains and Khazaria included parts of the Ural mountains. Her mother's line may have had some Khazarian DNA, then. It is hard to tell if she has Khazar blood. Some of the Karaite Jews of the Crimea and now of Israel are probably Khazar descendants. The Khazaria royal house converted in the 8th century CE. An Arab historian from the 9th century traced the Khazars back to the Biblical character Khazar, 7th son of Togarmah. Togarmah was considered to be the ancestor of all Turkish tribes and was the grandson of Japhet, the 3rd son of Noah. At any rate, it was really only the royal family that converted, so if my grandmother has some Khazarian blood, she has royal blood as well.
Her last name, Jermulowski, shows that ski meant a place of origin. Where was Jermulow? Was this from German? I don't think so. Could it be from Jerusalem? I haven't been able to find her maiden name in the records of Poland or Lithuania as yet. Zlota immigrated to the state in about 1904 and must have gone straight to Council to join her sisters. There she married Nathan in 1905.
Resource: Book-The Jews of Khazaria p. 227, 55, by Kevin Alan Brook
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baliqchi
http://jewishwebindex.com/Names.htm
Finding Our Fathers-a guidebook to Jewish genealog by Dan Rottenberg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania
http://www.geni.com/projects/The-Jewish-Kingdom-of-Khazaria/13139
 |
| Lake McCall, Idaho, where grandparents from Lithuania met and married nearby in Council. |
Our paternal grandparents, Nathan (Hebrew is Natan) Abraham Goldfus/foot b: 1870 in Telsiai, Lithuania and his wife, Hattie "Zlota" Jermulowski/e b: 1875 in Lazdijai, Lithuania had immigrated to the USA and met in Council, Idaho, a little mining mountain town which is now a stop on the way to a lake resort of McCall, Idaho. There, Hattie's sisters and their husbands lived in their first years in the Golden Medina.
Nathan's Y DNA haplogroup is Q1b1 which is found to be in 5% of the Jewish people. . Where did we pick up this male line that is fairly rare?
By following the use of first names, researchers have traced some Jews from Khazaria to Lithuania. In Khazaria, the royal house had converted to Judaism when they were confronted with being forced to make a choice between that and Christianity and Islam. Khazaria was on the Silk Road, and this was either a choice from the heart or from convenience of the times, for the king probably thought that this was the more politically correct choice to avoid a problem. How times change!
An example of using names to trace Khazarian lines is found in the Schechter Letter where there is a character named Pesakh who is the Khazarian baliqchi.
An example of using names to trace Khazarian lines is found in the Schechter Letter where there is a character named Pesakh who is the Khazarian baliqchi.
Pesakh and Pesah were used by Khazarian Jews in the 10th century. It was also a title in the Khazar Khaganate. "The term Baliqchi means "Fisherman." In the Schechter Letter, the Khazar warlord, Pesakh (who was active along the Strait of Kerch) is described with this title. He was an earlier figure in Khazar history,"
The name Pesach or Pesakh was generally only used by Jews in eastern Germany which was the area east of the Elbe River and Eastern Europe as well as with the Karaites and Persian Jews, but not by Sephardic Jews.
The Yiddish form of Peysakh was being used by Jews in Silesia, Poland in the mid-14th century and also in medieval Germany.
The Hebrew word for Passover is the western Ashkenazic form, Peysakh. Pesakh. was used as a first name. During the 15th and 16th centuries, some Jews in Brest, France; Grodno, Belarus; and Pinsk, Belarus used the name, Pesakh.
From the late 15th century onward, Peysakh was found among Jews in Ukraine and Belarus. Peysakh then was chosen as an Ashkenazic surname-Peysakhowitz.
Pesach and the surname of Pesachowitz were used among some Polish Jews into the 19th and 20th centuries.
Nathan is not listed in my Russian -Jewish Given names book by Boris Feldblyum but the Hebrew is listed as Natan, typical from the SW Russian Empire of Volhyn and Podolia Provinces. Neither is Abraham, but in the back of my book, Abram=Avram is listed and it's also on page 34 as Abram of SW Russian Empire Volhyn and Podolia Provinces.
He even named his 3rd child Abraham. Nathan was a family name handed down with its origins not being in Russia. Nathan was tall with brown hair that had red highlights. Zlota had to stand on a chair for him to kiss her. Neither had much of a choice for a spouse, as they were the only 2 Jewish singles in Council and didn't want to wait for any better prospects, I suppose. They were both Litvaks, and that was enough. Besides that, she could cook.
Jews entered Lithuania about in 1321. In 1398, a community -mostly Karaites-existed at Troki.
In 1495, Jews were living in Vilna, Grodno and Kovno totally 10,000. From 1495 (3 years after Spain's expelling Jews not converting) to 1502 they were excluded from Lithuania.
They received a charter in 1529 guaranteeing freedom of movement and employment. Soon they monopolized foreign trade and tax-farming. Yes, that is what my encyclopedia said, whatever tax-farming is.
From 1566 to 1572 the Jews were forced to wear the Jewish badge newly introduced and in legal matters, they were disqualified from giving evidence in court.
 |
| Lake Mastis, Lithuania |
Poland at one time was the largest country in Europe, and included today's Polish borders and Galicia, Lithuania, White Russia and the Ukraine. Their hereditary monarchy came to an end in 1572 and the next 200 years to 1772 had a system of elective monarchy. In 1772 the country was carved up and given out to Germany, Austria and Russia. By 1795, Poland had disappeared from the map altogether. it didn't reappear until 1918.
A chain of Jewish migrations leading from Khazaria went to the Lithuanian Grand Duchy. This Grand Duchy started in the 13th Century and went on till 1795. It got its name from a Baltic tribe. Our surname is German, though, and was originally Goldfus. In fact, it was a German and Austrian Gentile name, too. There are Goldfoot of a different haplogroup, not Jewish. It is, however, not a common name for Jews or Gentiles.
This shows our male line got to Lithuania through the normal highway from Jerusalem in 70 CE from the Romans burning it down and taking over through Rome, France, and then to Germany. When they were not accepted there, they moved on to Eastern Europe, and to Lithuania.
In Austria The Emperor Joseph made Jews take on last names in the late 1700s. Poland in 1821 and Russia in 1844. Probably some of our families have only had last names for 175 years or less. In France and the Anglo Saxon countries surnames went back to the 16th century.
"German Jews had no official surnames prior to the introduction of Judenregelment in 1797" "In most of Germany, Jews didn't have surnames until 1812 or later. Many names they took were based on the profession of the person.
In 1764-66 there were 621,000 Jews in Poland and Lithuania according to the Polish census
Until 1795, Telz, as it is also called, was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Kingdom, when the 3rd division of Poland by the 3 superpowers then; Russia, Prussia and Austria-caused Lithuania to become partly Russian and partly Prussian. I believe this is what happened to my grandmother Zlota's Lazdijai. Telz fell under Russian rule, 1st from 1802 as part of the Vilna Province (Gubernia) as a district administrative center and then from 1843 as part of the Kovno Province.
1812 and Napoleon's retreating army passed through Telz, leaving behind desolation and a big gun, now seen in the town park. There were the Polish rebellions of 1831 and 1863. They caused damage.
My grandmother's name, Zlata, is a Russian Jewish name from the Baltic Provinces such as Estland, Courland and Lyfland. It came from Bet shmu'el. She was very short, about 4' 8" at her tallest, and was only 4'6" when she was a grandmother and had had her legs broken on top of that in a pogrom. She had black curly hair, and I thought skin of normal color, not dark or suntanned. Zlata's MT dna haplogroup was W for Wilma. "W (Wilma) is a small group that appears in the western Ural Mountains, the natural border between Europe and Asia and the eastern Baltic area, and is also found in India. Actually, 14 types are found in Ashkenazie Jews that were found by Behar, main researcher in dna of the Jewish people. My grandmother was W 16145A, 16223T, 16265G, 16519C. Jewish W made up 3.1% in a test in Poland and 2.7% in Russia and the Ukraine. http://www.thecid.com/where.htm
Her W mt DNA appears in the Ural mountains and Khazaria included parts of the Ural mountains. Her mother's line may have had some Khazarian DNA, then. It is hard to tell if she has Khazar blood. Some of the Karaite Jews of the Crimea and now of Israel are probably Khazar descendants. The Khazaria royal house converted in the 8th century CE. An Arab historian from the 9th century traced the Khazars back to the Biblical character Khazar, 7th son of Togarmah. Togarmah was considered to be the ancestor of all Turkish tribes and was the grandson of Japhet, the 3rd son of Noah. At any rate, it was really only the royal family that converted, so if my grandmother has some Khazarian blood, she has royal blood as well.
Her last name, Jermulowski, shows that ski meant a place of origin. Where was Jermulow? Was this from German? I don't think so. Could it be from Jerusalem? I haven't been able to find her maiden name in the records of Poland or Lithuania as yet. Zlota immigrated to the state in about 1904 and must have gone straight to Council to join her sisters. There she married Nathan in 1905.
Resource: Book-The Jews of Khazaria p. 227, 55, by Kevin Alan Brook
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baliqchi
http://jewishwebindex.com/Names.htm
Finding Our Fathers-a guidebook to Jewish genealog by Dan Rottenberg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania
http://www.geni.com/projects/The-Jewish-Kingdom-of-Khazaria/13139
Labels: Jew, Khazaria, Lake Mastis, Lazdijai, Lithuania, names, Poland, Telsiai, Ural Mountains
